A few conventions I use:

1. The remote repository is always called origin
2. The main working branch is always called master

If you need to review the recent work that has been done, commit it and then push it to remote, do the following:

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$ git status
$ git diff
$ git commit -am 'My message here'
$ git push

If you need to compare the local repository to the remote, do the following:

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$ git fetch origin
$ git diff master..origin/master
$ git pull

If you want to get the latest version from a git repository and you don't care about any local changes, do the following:

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$ git reset --hard HEAD
$ git clean -f
$ git pull

The above will copy the latest code from the remote and overwrite the local copy.

If you need to tag a branch, do the following:

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$ git tag -a v0.1 -m 'version 0.1'
$ git tag
$ git log --pretty=oneline
$ git show v0.1

If you need to create a new branch from an existing one in order to implement a new feature, do the following:

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$ git checkout -b newbranch master
$ git checkout master
$ git push origin master
$ git push origin newbranch